wk 6 homework solutions Essay - 820 Words

Week 6 Homework Solutions Question 3 Explain how built-in (or automatic) stabilizers work. What are the differences between proportional, progressive, and regressive tax systems as they relate to an economy’s built-in stability? Answer In a phrase, â€Å"net tax revenues vary directly with GDP.† When GDP is rising, so are tax collections, both income taxes and sales taxes. At the same time, government payouts—transfer payments such as unemployment compensation and welfare—are decreasing. Since net taxes are taxes less transfer payments, net taxes definitely rise with GDP, which dampens the rise in GDP. On the other hand, when GDP drops in a recession, tax collections slow down or actually diminish while transfer payments rise quickly.†¦show more content†¦Meanwhile, other factors may change, rendering inappropriate a particular fiscal policy. Nevertheless, discretionary fiscal policy is a valuable tool in preventing severe recession or severe demand-pull inflation. A political business cycle is the concept that politicians are more interested in reelection than in stabilizing the economy. Before the election, they enact tax cuts and spending increases to please voters even though this may fuel inflation. After the election, they apply the brakes to restrain inflation; the economy will slow and unemployment will rise. In this view the political process creates economic instability. A decrease in tax rates might be enacted to stimulate consumer spending. If households receive the tax cut but expect it to be reversed in the near future, they may hesitate to increase their spending. Believing that tax rates will rise again (and possibly concerned that they will rise to rates higher than before the tax cut), households may instead save their additional after-tax income in anticipation of needing to pay taxes in the future. The crowding-out effect is the reduction in investment spending caused by the increase in interest rates arising from an increase in government spending, financed by borrowing. The increase in G was designed to increase AD,Show MoreRelatedQmb 360013075 Words   |  53 Pagesoptions to reduce time at the window. 2. The primary economies of scale concern spreading the instructor’s salary over a larger class and filling classrooms to capacity (and then some). Diseconomies occur when additional help is required to review homework, administer tests, and coordinate schedules of students and assistants. Growth eventually requires larger classrooms or lecture halls. If we view the product as learning, there is a possibility that diminishing returns on the amount of learning occurRead MoreInternal Logistics as Part of Supply Chain13971 Words   |  56 Pagesemployees. Key words: Logistics, internal logistics, supply chain, logistics process, performance measurement, Nokia-China, Dongguan Branch ABBREVIATIONS CIP Carriage Paid To CIQ Custom Immigration Quarantine COO Country of Origin C wk Current Week DDU Delivered Duty Unpaid DN Deliver Note EDI Electronic Data Interchange E2E End to End FCA Free Carrier IE Import Export L P Logistics Planning LSP Logistics Service Provider MM Material Management Read MoreFinal Project Essay7836 Words   |  32 PagesSOLUTION-BLESSED BRIEF PASTORAL COUNSELING PROJECT by Amy Tahran L22263350 Presented to John Hobbs, In partial fulfillment of the requirements for PACO 500 Introduction to Pastoral Counseling Liberty Theological Seminary Lynchburg, VA 12 August 2011 ABSTRACT For this project, I am placing myself in a hypothetical context as a staff pastoral counselor at my home church in Valley City, ND, serving a congregation of approximately 200. I have chosen as my overarching goal forRead MoreEssay on Short Term Pastoral Counseling Final15227 Words   |  61 PagesSolution-Based, Short-Term Pastoral Counsleing Final Project By Mike Garner Presented to Dr. Robyn Simmons In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Introduction to Pastoral Counseling PACO 500 Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Lynchburg, VA March 3, 2013 Abstract My future ministry will be as Co-Pastor of a medium sized Community Church in Lewisville, Texas. Each Sunday the church will have approximately 240 in attendance of Sunday morning worship service. My overarchingRead MoreEvaluation Research Design Literature19283 Words   |  78 Pages253 Chapter 6 Evaluation Research Design: Literature Reviews Synthesis Frequently a research question or hypothesis can be answered through secondary research, i.e., a literature review or synthesis. Both strategies requires the researcher to mine existing data sources; ―pull outâ€â€" relevant data or information; summarize it; logically analyze and/or statistically treat it; and report results. In many instances, the issue, problem, question, etc. which prompted the idea for an evaluation study isRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesuse material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any addit ional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08 07 ExamView  ® and ExamView Pro  ® are registered trademarks of FSCreations, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation used herein under license. 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Simple Linear Regression Model Free Essays

This article considers the relationship between two variables in two ways: (1) by using regression analysis and (2) by computing the correlation coefficient. By using the regression model, we can evaluate the magnitude of change in one variable due to a certain change in another variable. For example, an economist can estimate the amount of change in food expenditure due to a certain change in the income of a household by using the regression model. We will write a custom essay sample on Simple Linear Regression Model or any similar topic only for you Order Now A sociologist may want to estimate the increase in the crime rate due to a particular increase in the unemployment rate. Besides answering these questions, a regression model also helps predict the value of one variable for a given value of another variable. For example, by using the regression line, we can predict the (approximate) food expenditure of a household with a given income. The correlation coefficient, on the other hand, simply tells us how strongly two variables are related. It does not provide any information about the size of the change in one variable as a result of a certain change in the other variable. Let us return to the example of an economist investigating the relationship between food expenditure and income. What factors or variables does a household consider when deciding how much money it should spend on food every week or every month? Certainly, income of the household is one factor. However, many other variables also affect food expenditure. For instance, the assets owned by the household, the size of the household, the preferences and tastes of household members, and any special dietary needs of household members are some of the variables that influence a household’s decision about food expenditure. These variables are called independent or explanatory variables because they all vary independently, and they explain the variation in food expenditures among different households. In other words, these variables explain why different households spend different amounts of money on food. Food expenditure is called the dependent variable because it depends on the independent variables. Studying the effect of two or more independent variables on a dependent variable using regression analysis is called multiple regressions. However, if we choose only one (usually the most important) independent variable and study the effect of that single variable on a dependent variable, it is called a simple regression. Thus, a simple regression includes only two variables: one independent and one dependent. Note that whether it is a simple or a multiple regression analysis, it always includes one and only one dependent variable. It is the number of independent variables that changes in simple and multiple regressions. The relationship between 2 variables in a regression analysis is expressed by a mathematical equation called a regression equation or model. A regression equation, when plotted, may assume one of many possible shapes, including a straight line. A regression equation that gives a straight-line relationship between two variables is called a linear regression model; otherwise, the model is called a nonlinear regression model. How to cite Simple Linear Regression Model, Essay examples Simple Linear Regression Model Free Essays This article considers the relationship between two variables in two ways: (1) by using regression analysis and (2) by computing the correlation coefficient. By using the regression model, we can evaluate the magnitude of change in one variable due to a certain change in another variable. For example, an economist can estimate the amount of change in food expenditure due to a certain change in the income of a household by using the regression model. We will write a custom essay sample on Simple Linear Regression Model or any similar topic only for you Order Now A sociologist may want to estimate the increase in the crime rate due to a particular increase in the unemployment rate. Besides answering these questions, a regression model also helps predict the value of one variable for a given value of another variable. For example, by using the regression line, we can predict the (approximate) food expenditure of a household with a given income. The correlation coefficient, on the other hand, simply tells us how strongly two variables are related. It does not provide any information about the size of the change in one variable as a result of a certain change in the other variable. Let us return to the example of an economist investigating the relationship between food expenditure and income. What factors or variables does a household consider when deciding how much money it should spend on food every week or every month? Certainly, income of the household is one factor. However, many other variables also affect food expenditure. For instance, the assets owned by the household, the size of the household, the preferences and tastes of household members, and any special dietary needs of household members are some of the variables that influence a household’s decision about food expenditure. These variables are called independent or explanatory variables because they all vary independently, and they explain the variation in food expenditures among different households. In other words, these variables explain why different households spend different amounts of money on food. Food expenditure is called the dependent variable because it depends on the independent variables. Studying the effect of two or more independent variables on a dependent variable using regression analysis is called multiple regressions. However, if we choose only one (usually the most important) independent variable and study the effect of that single variable on a dependent variable, it is called a simple regression. Thus, a simple regression includes only two variables: one independent and one dependent. Note that whether it is a simple or a multiple regression analysis, it always includes one and only one dependent variable. It is the number of independent variables that changes in simple and multiple regressions. The relationship between 2 variables in a regression analysis is expressed by a mathematical equation called a regression equation or model. A regression equation, when plotted, may assume one of many possible shapes, including a straight line. A regression equation that gives a straight-line relationship between two variables is called a linear regression model; otherwise, the model is called a nonlinear regression model. How to cite Simple Linear Regression Model, Papers

Business of the Companies and Organizations-Samples for Students

Question: Write a reflective Journal on Business Reseach Proposal. Answer: Effectiveness of learning experience After carrying out the research proposal, I came to know that big data occupies a central position in the business of the organization. Customer satisfaction due to the adoption of online banking services is the major drive behind my assertion. Research regarding the use of big data analytics in the organizations has enriched my knowledge, skills and expertise regarding the effective means of conducting the research proposal. As a matter of specification, I learned the basic ways to conduct a research proposal. Enhancement of my preconceived skills, expertise and knowledge prepared me for executing the main research. The oriented structure acts as an agent in my preparation towards possessing appropriate approach towards the research. In my school, I did projects about environmental pollution, plants, trees and flowers. From this perspective, being able to complete a business research was not an easy task. Therefore, I can call the experience a thrilling one, as I came to know several new terms and concepts, with which I am not at all acquainted. Guidance, support and motivation from the tutors and professors made this experience more valuable to me. This is in terms of my selection as the capable one to conduct the research. The actual research provided me an insight into the online services carried out by organizations to satisfy the needs, demands and requirements of the customers. Doing the literature review portion enhanced my awareness regarding the importance of big data analytics in the business organizations. The methodology portion upgraded my thoughts, ideas and concepts regarding the data collection methods. The subsequent chapter enriched my experience regarding the utilization of primary and secondary methods for analyzing the collected data through the means of tables, charts and graphs. Finally, the penultimate chapter generates within me the self-organizational skills. This is terms of linking the derived results with the identified aims and objectives. Usefulness of the learning experience in future life The usefulness of the learning experience lies in my practical application of the learnt skills in the workplace. The following are the parameters, where I can utilize the skills, which I learnt in beautifying my future life: Course I can enroll myself into the courses of data analytics and informatics, which the prestigious universities offer. The guidance of the professors would prove helpful for me in terms of enhancing my preconceived skills, expertise and knowledge regarding the information technology. Program If I excel in the field of data information and analytics, I can practice as lecturer in colleges. Besides, I can search for jobs as data analyst in private companies, as part time job. This would be my starting point towards the initiation of professional career. However, for this, I need to possess adequate skills and knowledge about data informatics. For this, I can attend java programming courses. Future career Pursuing the course on data information and analytics would open different avenues before me. These avenues range from metrics and data analytic specialist to business consultant. Analyzing the collected data would act as an opportunity for me in terms of analyzing the challenging business research with an ease and effective manner. The final evaluation would help me in terms of assessing the effectiveness and appropriateness in terms of the selected career. General life The experience, which I had after conducting the research on the use of big data analytics in business organizations, provides me a deeper insight into the field of information technology. Proper and judicious utilization of this insight would make me a master in the use of computers and other machines. Along with this, I would be able to teach the basic ways of using computers to the people, who are still far behind from the widespread effect of technological advancement. Objective description of the learning process My learning process started when I was provided with a project on describing the use of big data analytics in the business organization. The development of the rationale enhanced my knowledge regarding the online services used by companies and organizations for satisfying the needs, demands and requirements of the customers. Here, I can relate the cognitive learning theory as the identification of the problem statement or rationale needs deeper insight into the latest activities carried out by the companies and organizations for contributing towards technological advancement. Primarily, my learning process starts with the development of aims and objectives. For this, I learned that background of the research is important. Apart from this, I also acquired skills regarding the projection of hypothetical approach towards the subject matter of the research. As a result of this, I was able to develop significance of the research. As a matter of specification, my learning process attains continuation in the literature review, where I need to produce the concepts, theories, models and scholarly viewpoints about the use of online services in workplaces. Herein, I learned to analyze the real business scenarios through theoretical perspective. My learning attains a higher standard when I emerge successful in excavating the gaps in the existing literature. The next stage of my learning is the data collection, where I underwent the process of revealing appropriate philosophy, approach, design and strategy for collecting the required data. However, research onion acted as a complete knowledge pack for me in terms of the data collection process. Here, I came to know about the components of research methodology under one umbrella. The Gantt chart or the action plan guided me about making effective and beneficial process to progress with the research activities. As a sequential step, in the fourth chapter, I learned about analyzing the collected data. The utilization of charts, tables and graphs enhanced my clarity regarding the impact of big data analytics on the overall business of companies and organizations. Along with this, I also learnt to make survey and interview questionnaires. In the final chapter, I learnt how to review the collected, gathered and available points for deducing relevant conclusion. Within this, I learned the ways to establish essential linkages between the derived results and the identified and the specified objectives. As a final touch, I can say that proposing recommendations reflects the effectiveness of my learning process. Evaluation of the learning process My learning in terms of excavating the rationale is crucial regarding the development of the aims and objectives. Failure in this direction makes the foundation of the research vulnerable. Along with this, it results in failure to project the significance of the research. Countering this, if there are no aims and objectives, there is no meaning of conducting the research. For this, I need to thoroughly study the issues, which the companies and organizations are encountering in their current strategic performance. This thorough study finds its applicability in the second chapter in terms of projecting the basic concepts related to online services in organizations. Specifically, in application of relevant theories and models lies the effectiveness of my learning process. Countering this, being able to identify the gaps in literature reflects the effectiveness and usefulness of my learning process. This identification needs high confidence level and willingness to upgrade my current per formance. Variety in the data collection methods broadens my scope and arena regarding the efficient and effective means of conducting a research. This is applicable for all of the methodological components. However, I would stress particularly on sampling and ethical considerations. In terms of sampling, I learnt about selecting a stipulated sample size from the whole population, due to limitations in time and financial resources. Here I can relate the statistical tests, which assess the effectiveness of the samples selected in terms of the identified and specified aims and objectives. Effective consideration of the research ethics invokes my Samaritan side in terms of selecting the samples for the survey and interview process. These ethics also makes me trustable in terms of the sources, which I use for collecting the necessary data. Herein lays my capability as a researcher in terms of carrying out the allocated research in an efficient and effective manner. The data analysis chapter needs correct and authentic projection of the derived results. Herein, I can say that accuracy is essential in terms of achieving perfection in the calculations. Efficient and judicious utilization of tables, charts and graphs enhances my clarity in terms of the projections, which I am making for deducing the conclusions. This clarity is crucial in terms of evaluating my performance throughout the research. In-depth insight into the learning process From my childhood, I had a passion towards enhancing my knowledge regarding data analytics and information. In respect to this, getting the chance of doing a research project on the use of big data analytics is a great privilege for me. This research provided me new insights into the online services used by the companies and organizations to add a modern touch into the lives of the customers. During the study of the rationale, I came across the dynamics of business. Herein lays the conglomeration of business and data informatics and analytics. This conglomeration expanded my knowledge horizons. Hypothetical approach towards the use of big data analytics in business organizations generated within me the self-organizational skills. These skills assisted me in speculating my performance in terms of the exposed performance. The proposal was a kind of prelude to the actual research. In the proposal, I briefed the readers about the highlights about literature review, methodology and resear ch limitations. The main reason for which I conducted the proposal is to gain the approval of the professor regarding the used concepts. The research is the outcome of the approval. Countering this, execution of the research is itself an indication that my professor has approved the proposal. Capability in terms of portraying these points indicates my in-depth learning from the research and proposal. Learning regarding the business aspects takes me closer to my professional development through the means of the personal development. Plan regarding the application of the learning process Planning is essential in terms of making noticeable advances towards the identified and the specified goals. In terms of my reflection on the performed research, planning occupies an important position. The Gantt chart is an effective example of the plans regarding efficient execution of the research activities. Viewing it from the other perspective, pursuing courses on data analytics and informatics would help me in enhancing my skills on the subject of information technology. Studying various articles on the effect of data informatics and analytics on the business of the companies and organizations supports me in projecting the similarities and differences between the two fields. Attending Spoken English classes would polish my communication skills, which would provide me with the platform to give presentations on the advancements made by information technology in upgrading the standard and quality of business in companies and organizations. These presentations would enhance my con fidence level in terms of speaking before a mass audience. Most importantly, I need to carry out evaluation of my revealed performance for improving my performance. This evaluation would bring to the forefront the potential drawbacks, which I need to modify for attaining professional development through personal development. References Carey, G., Harrison, S. and Dwyer, R., 2017. Encouraging reflective practice in conservatoire students: a pathway to autonomous learning?.Music Education Research,19(1), pp.99-110. Cotter, R.J., Pssil, A. and Vince, R., 2015. New directions for researching critical reflection in organizations.Researching Critical Reflection: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, p.171. Cushion, C.J., 2016. Reflection and reflective practice discourses in coaching: a critical analysis.Sport, education and society, pp.1-13. Gould, N. and Taylor, I., 2017.Reflective learning for social work: research, theory and practice. Routledge. Griggs, V., Holden, R., Rae, J. and Lawless, A., 2015. Professional learning in human resource management: problematising the teaching of reflective practice.Studies in Continuing Education,37(2), pp.202-217. Harvey, M., Baker, M., Semple, A.L., Lloyd, K., McLachlan, K., Walkerden, G. and Fredericks, V., 2017. Reflection for learning: A holistic approach to disrupting the text. InLearning Through Community Engagement(pp. 171-184). Springer Singapore. Herrington, J., Parker, J. and Boase-Jelinek, D., 2014. Connected authentic learning: Reflection and intentional learning.Australian Journal of Education,58(1), pp.23-35. Kolb, D.A., 2014.Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press. Mitchell, T.D., Richard, F.D., Battistoni, R.M., Rost-Banik, C., Netz, R. and Zakoske, C., 2015. Reflective Practice That Persists: Connections between Reflection in Service-Learning Programs and in Current Life.Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning,21(2), pp.49-63. Moon, J.A., 2013.Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. Routledge. Nye, A., Foskey, R. and Edwards, H., 2014. Collegial reflection on the meaning of metaphors in learning: emerging theory and practice.Studies in Continuing Education,36(2), pp.132-146. Paterson, C. and Chapman, J., 2013. Enhancing skills of critical reflection to evidence learning in professional practice.Physical Therapy in Sport,14(3), pp.133-138. Reynolds, M., 2017.Organizing reflection. Routledge. Rosin, J., 2015. The necessity of counselor individuation for fostering reflective practice.Journal of Counseling Development,93(1), pp.88-95. Stewart, C., 2014. Transforming professional development to professional learning.Journal of Adult Education,43(1), p.28. Walsh, S. and Mann, S., 2015. Doing reflective practice: a data-led way forward.Elt Journal,69(4), pp.351-362.